Course Description

About the Course:

Low Salinity Waterflood has attracted a real attention and been recognized

as an effective Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) process Worldwide. Although it

is now firmly established that the process can add significant increment in

  • il volumes to field recovery, the process has to have an integrated
  • ptimisation. Historically, Low salinity waterflood (LSW) has been seen as

primarily the domain of the reservoir engineer but, given that problems can

become manifest across virtually all disciplines, a fully integrated

development needs the successful input of all of those disciplines.

This course is designed to provide reservoir, wells, surface production and

  • ther aspects required for successful water flooding plus avoiding main

reasons for failures. It presents a comprehensive coverage of analytical

and applied aspects of water flooding including rock and fluid properties,

theory, prediction methods, surface production facilities, and water flood

problems and optimization. Water affects every stage of oilfield life from

exploration through development, production, and finally to abandonment.

The course covers LSW process description, geology effects, injection

patterns and selection, injectivity issues, calculation of Voidage

replacement ratio (VRR), and design’s procedure. Furthermore, the course

provides all components of produced water analysis and its required

chemical treatment schemes and units. It describes important measurements

  • f water flooding to identify main problems, examine treatments and provide

solutions. In addition, LSW flooding management is covered with flow chart

and required simulation cases. Actual field cases for optimum application

will be explained with in-class exercises and industry videos.

Course Objectives

By the end of this course, participants will be able to understand and apply the key concepts, tools, and practices covered in the program.

Audience

This course is suitable to a wide range of professionals but will greatly

benefit:

  • Petroleum Production & Reservoir Engineers
  • Processing engineers & other discipline engineers
  • Geologists & Petro physicists
  • Engineers who are new to the profession
  • Other individuals who need to know about water flooding

Prerequisites

No formal prerequisites are required. Relevant education or industry experience is beneficial.

Course Content

  • Primary, Secondary and Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)
  • Five phases of an oil field lifecycle
  • Six primary drive mechanism and effects on waterflood
  • Water sources for water flood and performance indicators
  • Review of different Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) groups/processes
  • Important rock/fluid properties for reservoir engineering calculations
  • EOR Screening Criteria and Voidage Replacement Ratio (VRR)
  • Screening criteria for different EOR processes
  • Mobility Ratio (M) and Capillary Number (Nc) to maximize oil recovery
  • Types of water injection patterns and selection of a flood pattern
  • Calculation of time to breakthrough and cumulative water injected
  • Application of Voidage Replacement Ratio (VRR), ME Field Case
  • Well Completion, Monitoring and Surveillance of LSW Flooding
  • Four Steps of well completion for surveillance plans and requirements
  • Types of well completions and current smart wells using ICDs
  • Well diagnostics for water control using different Production Logging
  • Continuous monitoring of water flood, Fahud field, PDO, Oman
  • Impact of aquifers and geology on waterflooding effectiveness
  • Low Salinity Water (LSW) Treatment and Surface Operations
  • Water properties and required chemical scheme
  • Ten required lab properties and list of chemicals required
  • Separation using vertical, horizontal and spherical types
  • Surface operations for metering, dehydration and water quality
  • Reservoir Simulation and Low Salinity Waterflood (LSW) Management
  • Types of industry simulators and study plan
  • Definition and flow chart for waterflood management
  • Low salinity and smart water flooding to improve Oil Recovery
  • An integrated approach for cost saving operations

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