Pipeline Hydraulics and Multiphase Flow

Graduate Engineers, whose activity is related to the design, construction and/or operation of Oil & Gas production facilities.

•    Total energy of a fluid – Bernoulli law
•    Real fluid flow: Viscosity, Friction coefficient
•    Flow regimes: Laminar and Turbulent (eddy) flows – Reynolds number
•    Calculation of friction loss through pipes by different methods i.e. Moody chart, AFTP charts (Lefevre)
•    Calculation of friction loss through fittings (Method 1: Resistance Coefficient; Method 2: Equivalent Straight Pipe Length)
•    Case of compressible fluids (gas) – Main empirical equations (Weymouth, Panhandle A, Panhandle B…)
•    Several exercises
•    Incentives and stakes
•    Definition of Multiphase flow
•    Main terminology
•    Basic understanding of different modeling approaches
•    Historical methods to study steady-state two-phase flow
•    Example of multiphase dynamic flow simulator OLGA®
•    Future with multiphase flow modeling
•    Main flow assurance issues
•    Flow stability:
–    Flow pattern – Horizontal and Vertical
–    Slugging
•    Erosion constraints; Wax; Hydrates
•    Heat transfer
•    Main heat transfer phenomenon; OHTC; Cold spot issue
•    Fluid Modeling (example with PVTSim)
•    Phase envelope; Hydrate dissociation curve; Emulsion; Viscosity
•    Gas-dominated systems
•    Examples of field development
       “Dry” scheme versus “Wet” scheme
•    Main Flow Assurance issues (hydrates, TLC, surge liquid volume handling)
      Operating envelope
     « Wet » scheme Simulations
•    Operating envelope
•    Geometry impacts
•    Example of Slugcatcher design
•    Oil-dominated systems
•    Oil-dominated field development examples
•    Deep water constraints
•    Typical Field Preservation
•    Classical loops versus alternative development architectures
•    Subsea processing
•    Oil-dominated systems simulations
•    Severe slugging
•    Hydrodynamic slug flow - slugcatcher design
•    Thermal constraints during production / transient (cool down)